Crested Wheatgrass: A Hardy Non-Native Grass for Challenging Sites
If you’re battling tough growing conditions like poor soil, drought, or erosion, you’ve probably heard someone mention crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum pectinatum). This hardy perennial grass has been widely used across North America for decades, and while it’s not native to our continent, it’s earned a reputation as a reliable performer in challenging landscapes.
What is Crested Wheatgrass?
Crested wheatgrass is a perennial grass that forms dense tufts of narrow, blue-green to gray-green leaves. True to its name, it produces distinctive crested seed heads that add an interesting textural element to the landscape. This graminoid (grass-like plant) has been introduced throughout much of North America and now reproduces naturally in the wild across a vast range.
You might also see this plant listed under several scientific synonyms, including Agropyron cristatiforme, Agropyron pectiniforme, or Agropyron pectinatum, but they all refer to the same tough little grass.
Where Does Crested Wheatgrass Grow?
Originally native to the steppes of central and western Asia, crested wheatgrass has made itself at home across an impressive range in North America. You’ll find it established from Alaska down to Texas and from coast to coast, including provinces and territories like Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories, plus states like California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and many others.
Should You Plant Crested Wheatgrass?
Here’s where things get a bit nuanced. Crested wheatgrass isn’t native to North America, but it’s also not classified as invasive or noxious in most areas. This puts it in a gray zone that many gardeners find themselves navigating.
The Case for Crested Wheatgrass
- Extremely drought tolerant: Once established, it can survive on minimal water
- Erosion control champion: Its fibrous root system holds soil effectively
- Low maintenance: Requires very little care once established
- Cold hardy: Thrives in USDA zones 3-8
- Poor soil performer: Grows where many other plants struggle
Things to Consider
- Non-native status: It doesn’t provide the same ecological benefits as native grasses
- Can self-seed: May spread beyond where you originally plant it
- Dense growth: Can outcompete some native species
Native Alternatives to Consider
If you’re leaning toward supporting native ecosystems (and we think that’s pretty great!), consider these native grass alternatives that offer similar benefits:
- Buffalo grass (warm-season areas)
- Blue grama grass (drought-prone regions)
- Western wheatgrass (northern climates)
- Little bluestem (prairie regions)
These native options will provide better support for local wildlife while still offering many of the same practical benefits.
How to Grow Crested Wheatgrass Successfully
If you decide crested wheatgrass is right for your situation, here’s how to give it the best start:
Growing Conditions
- Sunlight: Full sun is best, though it tolerates partial shade
- Soil: Well-draining soil is essential; it actually prefers poor to moderately fertile soils
- Water: Drought tolerant once established, but benefits from occasional deep watering during dry spells
- Climate: Hardy in zones 3-8
Planting Tips
- Timing: Plant seeds in fall or early spring for best establishment
- Seeding rate: Follow package directions, but generally 8-12 pounds per acre for large areas
- Soil prep: Light cultivation is helpful, but don’t over-work the soil
- Patience: It may take a full season to establish, but once it does, you’re set
Care and Maintenance
One of crested wheatgrass’s biggest selling points is how little fuss it requires. Water during the first year to help establishment, then step back and let it do its thing. It may self-seed, so keep an eye on its spread if you want to contain it to specific areas.
The Bottom Line
Crested wheatgrass is a practical choice for challenging sites where you need something tough and reliable. While it’s not native, it’s not typically problematic either. If you’re dealing with erosion, poor soil, or extreme drought conditions and need a quick solution, it might be worth considering. However, if you have the time and inclination to support native ecosystems, exploring native alternatives could provide greater long-term benefits for your local environment.
Whatever you choose, you’ll have a better understanding of what crested wheatgrass brings to the table – and that’s half the battle in successful gardening!
