Native Plants

Carlott’s Violet

Viola biflora carlottae

USDA symbol: VIBIC

perennial forb

Canada: native

Meet Carlott’s violet (Viola biflora carlottae), one of Canada’s most elusive native wildflowers. This perennial gem might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, but it’s definitely worth learning about – especially if you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation. Carlott’s violet is a unique subspecies of the Arctic ...

Carlott’s Violet may be listed as rare in your area.
Global Conservation Status

Status: S5T3 | Secure: At low or no risk of extinction in the area due to an extensive range, abundant populations, and with little to no concern of declines or threats.

Carlott’s Violet: A Rare Canadian Treasure Worth Knowing About

Meet Carlott’s violet (Viola biflora carlottae), one of Canada’s most elusive native wildflowers. This perennial gem might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, but it’s definitely worth learning about – especially if you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation.

What Makes Carlott’s Violet Special?

Carlott’s violet is a unique subspecies of the Arctic yellow violet, found exclusively in British Columbia, Canada. As a native Canadian perennial, it represents the incredible biodiversity tucked away in our northern landscapes. This little forb (that’s botanist-speak for a non-woody flowering plant) belongs to the beloved violet family, though it’s far rarer than the common violets you might know.

You might also see it listed in botanical references as Viola biflora L. var. carlottae, which is simply another way scientists have classified this plant over the years.

Where Does It Call Home?

This violet is a true British Columbian native, with its entire known range limited to this western Canadian province. It’s what we call an endemic species – meaning it exists nowhere else in the world naturally.

  • Species observed
  • No observations

The Rarity Reality Check

Here’s where things get serious: Carlott’s violet has a conservation status that suggests it’s quite rare. With limited populations and a restricted range, this isn’t a plant you’ll stumble across on your weekend hiking adventures. If you’re incredibly fortunate to encounter it in the wild, consider yourself lucky to witness a true botanical rarity.

Should You Try Growing Carlott’s Violet?

The honest answer? Probably not – at least not yet. Here’s why:

  • Extreme rarity means seeds or plants are virtually impossible to source responsibly
  • Growing conditions and specific requirements are not well-documented
  • Conservation efforts should focus on protecting wild populations first

If you’re drawn to rare native violets, consider supporting conservation organizations working to protect British Columbia’s native flora instead.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

While Carlott’s violet remains elusive, there are other wonderful native violets you can grow responsibly:

  • Canada violet (Viola canadensis) – a lovely white-flowered native
  • Early blue violet (Viola adunca) – perfect for rock gardens
  • Stream violet (Viola glabella) – great for moist, shaded areas

The Takeaway

Carlott’s violet serves as a beautiful reminder of the incredible plant diversity in our native landscapes and the importance of conservation. While we may not be able to grow this particular treasure in our gardens right now, we can appreciate its existence and support efforts to protect rare native species.

Sometimes the best way to love a plant is to leave it be – and that’s perfectly okay. There are plenty of other native violets waiting to charm their way into your heart and garden!

Viola biflora carlottae is also known as...

Often we refer to plants by their common names. When shopping for plants the scientific name is the best way to positively identify the plant species you desire. But some plants have more than one name! While it doesn't happen often, nurseries might display one name while you're searching for another. Viola biflora carlottae is also known as:

Viola biflora var. carlottae | USDA symbol: VIBIC2

Why do some plants have more than one name? Over time plant species may be renamed for a few reasons:

  1. Botanists in different regions named the same plant without knowing it had already been classified.
  2. A species was reclassified after scientific advances in, for example, DNA analysis.
  3. Slight variations within a species are sometimes mistakenly identified as entirely new species.

Classification

Group: Dicot
Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Subclass: Dilleniidae
Order: Violales
Family: Violaceae Batsch - Violet family
Genus: Viola L. - violet

Species: Viola biflora L. - arctic yellow violet

Subspecies: Viola biflora L. ssp. carlottae Calder & Roy L. Taylor - Carlott's violet

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA